How the media keep us ignorant

A recent correction in The New York Times, concerning a false report it had published about a non-existent attack on U.S. forces in Iraq (see Best of the Web for details on this), contained the following sentence:

The American military’s central command, which releases information on all American casualties in Iraq, said before the article was published that it could not confirm Private Belen’s account.

It is evident from The Times’ failure to capitalize the words “central command” that the author and editor of the correction believe that the military’s “central command” is just that—the generic, central command of the whole U.S. military. In fact, Central Command, capitalized, is one of nine Unified Commands into which the U.S. Armed Forces were re-organized in 1986. Under this system, each service, rather than reporting to a service chief, reports to a commander responsible for a specific function or a geographic region of the globe. For operational purposes, units of the Army, Marines and so on do not function under their respective service, but under the Joint Command to which they are assigned. Not many people outside the military understand this, and why should they, since the news media never deigns to explain it. Thus, during the Gulf War in 1991, I, along with probably the great majority of civilians, simply assumed that Gen. Norman Schwartzkopf, as head of Central Command, was the central commander for the entire U.S. armed forces, or at least of the most important part of the armed forces, rather than, as was the case, the commander of the specific Joint Command whose area of responsibility in the event of war is the Middle East. I only found this out myself in the fall of 2001 by looking it up on the Web. I had been hearing about Gen. Tommy Franks, head of Central Command located in Tampa, Florida, giving orders to Special Forces in Afghanistan, and I finally had to know, what is this Central Command that I keep hearing about? And why is a general in Tampa giving orders to soldiers in Afghanistan? (Tampa is the permanent headquarters of Central Command.) Yet of thousands of news stories I had read or heard about the Gulf War that had mentioned Central Command, as well as similar stories about the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003, not one had ever explained what Central Command actually is.

Here is a summary of the Unified Command structure, which I’ve copied and abridged from the Wikidpedia free encylopedia:

The nine Unified Commands are:

United States Northern Command (NORTHCOM), whose area of responsibility (AOR) encompasses the continental United States Canada, Mexico.

United States Central Command (CENTCOM), which covers the area from the Horn of Africa through the Persian Gulf region, into Central Asia.

United States Pacific Command (PACOM), which covers the Asia-Pacific region including Hawaii.

United States Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), which covers South, Central America and the surrounding waters.

United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM), which provides special operations for the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps.

United States Joint Forces Command (JFCOM), which covers the North Atlantic Ocean and supports other commands as a joint force provider.

United States Strategic Command (STRATCOM), which covers the strategic deterrent force (ICBMs and other nuclear weapons) of the United States. It commands all of these forces, whether air (missiles and bombers), ground (artillery), or naval (nuclear strike submarines-SSBNs), regardless of location.

United States Transportation Command (TRANSCOM), TRANSCOM’s AOR covers global mobility of all military assets for all regional commands.

I offer this information not only because it is very interesting in itself, but because it illustrates the amazing refusal of the news media to explain the most basic facts underlying the stories they are reporting or to provide definitions of important terms. It is most ironic. On one hand, our culture has junked its former intellectual standards and happily and nonjudgmentally accepts the fact that the majority of people today are shockingly ignorant. On the other hand, our culture assumes that every reader of the news is so knowledgeable (but how would he have this knowledge, since the news media itself withholds it?) that he doesn’t require any explanation of a repeatedly used, technical term like “Central Command.”

Posted by Lawrence Auster at August 13, 2003 06:27 PM | Send
    
Comments

My own fears on this are that the media keeps all of us ignorant, including the political classes running the country. Although, to tell the truth, they are sometimes acting out of the desire to remain popular among the ignorant rather than out of ignorance itself. It makes me very loathe to support large enterprises of violence such as wars except where all of the facts are crystal clear.

Posted by: Thrasymachus on August 13, 2003 8:43 PM

A justifiable concern, considering how few members of Congress, for example, actually have military experience compared with their predecessors — who were more likely to have their own sons serving even during war time.

Posted by: Joel on August 13, 2003 8:56 PM

The rot in Congress makes itself felt in a lot of ways. The current senior military leadership has a number of problems. David Hackworth always has reliably bad things to say about ‘managers outnumbering warriors.’ http://www.sftt.org/cgi-bin/csNews/csNews.cgi?database=Hacks%20Target%20Homepage.db&command=viewone&op=t&id=26&rnd=36.636475986156825

It’s a mess that Congress is responsible for.

Posted by: Thrasymachus on August 13, 2003 9:24 PM

Unfortunately, Congress capitulated its solemn role a first among the branches of government long ago. When was the last time it reacted with real indignation when the courts or the bureaucracy usurped its power? It is not as though Congress does not have the tools to retaliate; it simply has not the heart for it.

Posted by: Paul Cella on August 13, 2003 10:26 PM

The Proposition Nation folks thought that a constitution is self-sufficient, self-running. Not true. A constitution needs _people_ to keep it running, people who get indignant when it’s threatened. And for people to have such indignation and courage, they need to feel themselves part of a people, a concrete society. But all that has been leached out. Liberalism and modern conservatism have no cognizance of the human and spiritual dimension of political reality. They think it’s just a matter of ideas. So, when our polity began abandoning the Constitution step by step, not defending it, not getting really alarmed and angry when the courts usurped powers and all the rest of it, the intellectual classes didn’t grasp what was happening either. All those Warren and Burger Court decisions in the ’60s and ’70s should have produced a revolution. They didn’t because by that point liberalism had already undone the concrete substance of the American people and so the conditions for the necessary indignation I’m speaking of were no longer there. By the ’90s there’s wasn’t even a remnant of devotion to constitutional rule. For example, of hundreds of articles in the conservative press about the Clinton health-care financing scheme, only one that I read said anything about its lack of constitutionality.

Posted by: Lawrence Auster on August 13, 2003 10:41 PM

A good point, Mr. Auster. I would add that the revolution in sentiments you describe, dissolving the notion of a cohesive people, was aided greatly in its success by what we might call the naiveté of the American people regarding the whole apparatus of revolutionary philosphy and practice. They had little recognition that an alien disease, or perhaps a dramatic though subtle distortion of something less alien, had entered the body politic.

A parallel is the general naiveté of Americans to this day about the depth of Communist penetration of this nation, its society and culture, from the 1930s on. Whittaker Chambers and his tremendous story, even bolstered by an almost unending stream of documentary evidence, still is not part of our “official” history. As Garet Garrett wrote, “To the revolutionary mind the American vista must have been almost as incredible as Gheghis Khan’s first view of China — so rich, so soft, so unaware.”

And I’ll note that both Garrett and Chambers shared the view that the New Deal had been a revolution alright, and that after it, the traditional American system of free enterprise, protected by constitutional government, was reduced to a conquered province.

Posted by: Paul Cella on August 13, 2003 11:08 PM

And going even further back — what about the Federal Reserve? I heard Rep. Ron Paul on C-SPAN ,during a hearing with Chairman Greenspan, comment wryly that it is considered improper during such occassions to even mention the Constitutional issues involved. He noted that the Constitution clearly specifies how our monetary system is to be constructed, that is, on the basis of real money.

And when one considers that the 16th Amendment apparently was fraudulently ratified to begin with, (www.TheLawThatNeverWas.com) we embarked on this course starting way back during the Wilson administration. Well, before that really…

One lady has recently won a court case against the IRS for not having paid hundreds of thousands of dollars she supposedly owed in income taxes. The jury found her not guilty on the basis of the fact that the prosecution could cite no law that actually requires an American citizen living in the country to pay such a tax — http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=34031

The Constitution only provided for _apportioned_ taxation on the Federal level. But few are as fortunate as she, (facing about 30 years in jail had she been convicted.)

And I’ll only mention in passing the civil forfeiture laws that have come along, whereby citizens can lose their property without even being charged with a crime! Conservatives did not stand up against this outrage because it was most prominently implemented in the context of fighting against ‘drugs,’ perceived as far more important than protecting property rights, the most basic rights a citizen enjoys, and without which we are hardly free.

Posted by: Joel on August 14, 2003 12:00 AM

Thanks for those links, Joel. And let’s not forget the folly of the 17th Amendment!

http://www.articlev.com/repeal_the_17th_amendment.htm

Posted by: Paul Cella on August 14, 2003 12:14 AM

Thank you kindly, Mr. Cella. :-)

I couldn’t agree with you more on the urgent need to repeal the 17th Amendment. I am amused to recall how in my youth I thought it was such a wonderful, ‘progressive’ thing that we had instituted direct election of senators. I could never have imagined believing otherwise.

Then when I saw that simple chart, (a couple years ago on NewsMax I think,) delineating the original relationship between the People, the States, and the Federal Government — and the other chart showing how it had changed — it was like an epiphany.

Clearly repeal of this Amendment is necessary to restore true federalism that entails the balance of powers envisioned by the Founders.

It is much like the Electoral College system; so easy to be misled by superficial arguments until one grasps exactly what that system accomplishes. If the College were done away with, and direct election of the President ensued, then the death of our republican form of government would be all but complete, leaving us with a seemingly oxymoronic ‘democratic monarchy.’

Posted by: Joel on August 14, 2003 1:00 AM
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